Week 5

Cash Management & Reconciliations (See Key Answers)

Focus: Bank reconciliations, cash controls, NSF checks, outstanding checks, deposits in transit, petty cash.
Key Responsibility: Ensure cash records are accurate, safeguarded, and fully reconciled.

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Overview

Week Overview

Week 5 focuses on safeguarding and accurately managing cash — the most vulnerable asset. Students learn to prepare bank reconciliations, identify timing differences, correct errors, maintain petty cash, and implement cash controls.

Objectives

Weekly Learning Objectives

Concept 1

Purpose of Cash Management

Cash must be protected through accurate records, timely deposits, monthly reconciliations, and proper internal controls. Bookkeepers ensure cash is safeguarded, accounted for, and available when needed.

Concept 2

The Bank Reconciliation

A bank reconciliation compares the company's book balance (Cash account) with the bank statement balance. Differences arise due to timing differences, bank adjustments, and errors.

Common Reconciling Items

Concept 3

Steps to Prepare a Bank Reconciliation

A. Bank Side

B. Book Side

The adjusted bank and adjusted book balances must match.

Concept 4

Petty Cash & Cash Controls

Petty cash is maintained using the imprest system, where the total petty cash fund remains constant and is replenished based on receipts.

Strong Cash Controls Include:

Concept 5

Fraud Detection in Cash

Bank reconciliations help detect theft, missing deposits, altered checks, skimming, lapping, and unauthorized withdrawals. Reviewing reconciliations monthly is a vital internal control.

Concept 6

Journal Entries for Bank Adjustments

Activities

In-Class Activities

1. Bank Reconciliation Completion

Students reconcile cash using a sample bank statement and cash ledger.

2. Error Hunt

Students identify and correct errors in an incorrect reconciliation worksheet.

3. Petty Cash Replenishment

Students compute petty cash reimbursement amounts and record entries.

Homework

Homework Assignments

Discussion

Discussion Prompt

Why is bank reconciliation considered one of the most important internal controls? What real-world problems arise if cash accounts are not reconciled regularly?

Quiz

Quiz Topics

Summary

Week 5 Summary

Week 5 teaches students how to safeguard cash through proper reconciliations, journal entries, and strong cash controls. These skills ensure accurate financial statements and protect the organization against errors and fraud.

In Week 6, we move into Payroll Accounting & Employer Obligations.